Jamaika ist ein selbstständiger Inselstaat innerhalb des Commonwealth of Nations in der Karibik. Die Insel liegt südlich von Kuba und westlich von Haiti. Sie ist die drittgrößte Insel der Großen Antillen.
Amtliche
Kurzform:
Jamaika Name in Landessprache:
Kurzform:
Vollform:
Jamaica
Xaymaca "Land der Quellen" nannten die Aruaken die Insel die Kolombus 1494 als erster Euopäer betrat. Name in
Englisch: Jamaica Ehemaliger Name:
CIA
Background-Info
The island - discovered by Christopher COLUMBUS in 1494 - was settled by the Spanish early in the 16th century. The native Taino Indians, who had inhabited Jamaica for centuries, were gradually exterminated and replaced by African slaves. England seized the island in 1655 and established a plantation economy based on sugar, cocoa, and coffee. The abolition of slavery in 1834 freed a quarter million slaves, many of whom became small farmers. Jamaica gradually obtained increasing independence from Britain. In 1958 it joined other British Caribbean colonies in forming the Federation of the West Indies. Jamaica gained full independence when it withdrew from the Federation in 1962. Deteriorating economic conditions during the 1970s led to recurrent violence as rival gangs affiliated with the major political parties evolved into powerful organized crime networks involved in international drug smuggling and money laundering. Violent crime, drug trafficking, and poverty pose significant challenges to the government today. Nonetheless, many rural and resort areas remain relatively safe and contribute substantially to the economy.
