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Tunisia
- Economy
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Overview
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Tunisia has a diverse economy, with important agricultural, mining, tourism, and manufacturing sectors. Governmental control of economic affairs while still heavy has gradually lessened over the past decade with increasing privatization, simplification of the tax structure, and a prudent approach to debt. Progressive social policies also have helped raise living conditions in Tunisia relative to the region. Real growth, which averaged almost 5% over the past decade, declined to 4.6% in 2008 and to 0.3% in 2009 because of economic contraction and slowing of import demand in Europe - Tunisia's largest export market. However, development of non-textile manufacturing, a recovery in agricultural production, and strong growth in the services sector somewhat mitigated the economic effect of slowing exports. Tunisia will need to reach even higher growth levels to create sufficient employment opportunities for an already large number of unemployed as well as the growing population of university graduates. The challenges ahead include: privatizing industry, liberalizing the investment code to increase foreign investment, improving government efficiency, reducing the trade deficit, and reducing socioeconomic disparities in the impoverished south and west.
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GDP
(Gross
domestic product) |
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Purchasing
power parity:
$ 86,350,000,000
USD (2009)
Rank: 72
Official
exchange rate:
$40.17 billion
Composition by
sector
- agriculture: 12.8%
- industry: 31%
- services: 56.2%
Per capita: $ 8,200
(2009 est.)
Rank: 120
Real growth rate: 3
(2009 est.)
Rank: 65
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Industrial Sector &
Agriculture |
Industries: petroleum, mining (particularly phosphate and iron ore), tourism, textiles, footwear, agribusiness, beverages
Industrial production growth rate: 1,6
(2009 est.)
Rank: 137
Agriculture - products: olives, olive oil, grain, tomatoes, citrus fruit, sugar beets, dates, almonds; beef, dairy products
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Labor Force
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Labor force: 3,502,000
(2006 est. )
Rank: 92
by
occupation: agriculture: 55%; industry: 23%; services: 22% (1995 est.)
Unemployment rate:
14.7
(2009 est.)
Rank: 146
Population below poverty
line: 7.4%
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Financial Data |
Currency: Tunisian dinar (TND)
Code:
TNDTN
Exchange rates: Tunisian dinars per US dollar - 1.2885 (2003), 1.4217 (2002), 1.4387 (2001), 1.3707 (2000), 1.1862 (1999)
Currency Calculator
Current
account balance: $ -2,117,000,000
(2009 est.)
Rank: 135
Budget
2006
- revenues:
revenues: $7.228 billion
- expenditures: expenditures: $8.163 billion; including capital expenditures of $1.6 billion (2006 est.)
Inflation rate: 3,7
(2009 est.
Rank: 121
Reserves: $ 4,333,000,000
USD (2005)
Rank: 70
Investment: 25.9
(2009)
Rank: 40
Public Debt:
53
USD (2009 est.)
Rank: 46
Debt - external: $14.39 billion (2003 est.)
(31 December 2009 est.)
Rank: 72
Economic Aid - Donor:
Economic Aid - Recipient: $376.5 million (2005)
Household income by percentage share highest
10%: 31.8%
Household income by percentage share lowest 10%: 2.3%
Bezugsjahr: (1995)
Gini Index: 40
Gini Index US: 40
Gini Index Bezugsjahr: 2005
Corruption Index: 4.3
Corruption Rank: 59
Tourismus:
Tourismus-Einnahmen:
Fiscal year: calendar year
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Source:
CIA
World Factbook. This page was last updated on
18 February, 2011
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